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Being Colloquial in Esperanto
A Reference Guide
Table of Contents
Preface (
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Part I: Esperanto Grammar
1. Pronunciation (
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2. Alternative Spellings (
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3. Roots & Stems
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4 (Part 1). Nouns (
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4.1. Nouns & Pronouns (
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4.1.1. The Plural of Nouns (
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4.1.2. Compound Nouns (
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4.1.3. Word Order With Nouns (
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4.1.4. Word Order With Personal Names (
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4.1.5. Deleting -O in Poetry (
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4.1.6. The Accusative Case. (
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4.1.7. Personal Names (
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4.1.8. Place Names (
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4 (Part 2). Pronouns, Adjectives, & Adverbs (
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4.2. Pronouns (
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4.2.1. The Pronoun Ci. (
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4.2.2. The Pronoun Oni. (
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4.2.3. The Pronoun Si. (
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4.3. Adjectives (
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4.3.1. The Plural & Accusative of Adjectives (
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4.4. Adverbs (
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4.4.1. Adverbs of Place & Movement (Accusative Adverbs) (
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4.4.2. Word Order With Adverbs(
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4.5. Comparisons of Adjectives & Adverbs (
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5. Prepositions (
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6. Capitalization (
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7. Questions (
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8. The Article (
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9. Numbers & Measurement. (
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9.1. The Number One (
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9.2. High Numbers as Nouns (
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9.3. Decimal Points (
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9.4. Ordinal Numbers (
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9.5. Arithmetic (
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9.6. Fractions (
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9.7. Time (
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9.8. Monarchs (
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9.9. Quantities of Things (
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9.9.1. More about Da (
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10. Correlatives (
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10.1. Special Features of the Series in -O (
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10.2. Special Features of the Series in K- (
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10.3. The Particle Ĉi (
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10.4. The Particle Ajn (
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10.5. Special Features of Correlatives Ending in -OM (
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10.5.1. Kioma = “Whichth” (
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11. Forms in T-K and Ĉ-K: Overview (
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11.1. Tio kio = what, whatever, that which (
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11.2. Tiu kiu = (the) one who (
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11.3. Tia kia = the kind (of …) that/who (
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11.4. Tiel kiel = in whatever way, as … as (
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11.5. Tiom kiom = as much as (
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11.6. Tiam kiam = when(ever) (
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11.7. Forms in Ĉ-K. (
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11.8. Forms in T- + Ke/Ĉu (
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11.8.1. Tio, ke/ĉu (
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11.8.2. Other Correlatives + Ke to Show Result (
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12. Verbs (
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12.1. Four Moods of the Verb (
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12.1.1. The As-Mood (Indicative Mood) (
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12.1.2. The Us-Mood (Conditional Mood) (
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12.1.3. The U-Mood (Imperative/Volitive Mood) (
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12.1.4. The I-Mood (Infinitive Mood) (
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12.2. Impersonal Verbs (“Weather Verbs”) (
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12.3. Participles (
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12.3.1. Participial Adverbs (Adverbial Participles) (
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12.3.2. Participial Nouns (
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12.3.3. The “Passive Voice” (
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12.3.4. Tense & Aspect (Summary of Appendix) (
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12.4. Transitivity & Intransitivity: Verbs in -ig- and -iĝ- (
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12.4.1. Common Transitive Verbs (
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12.4.2. Common Intransitive Verbs (
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12.4.3. Verbs That Are Both Transitive & Intransitive (
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12.4.4. Using -ig- and -iĝ- to Transform Verbs (
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12.4.5. -ig- with Two Objects (
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12.4.6. Verbs Made From Nouns and Adjectives With -ig- and -iĝ- (
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12.4.7. Nouns and Adjectives With -ig- (
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12.4.8. Nouns and Adjectives With -iĝ- (
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12.4.9. Summary of -ig- and -iĝ- With Different Kinds of Roots (
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12.4.10. Igi and Iĝi As Independent Verbs (
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12.4.11. Who Does What (An Observation) (
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13. Affixes (Prefixes & Suffixes) (
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13.1. Prefixes (
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13.2. Suffixes (
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13.3. Affixes as Roots (
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13.4. Pseudo-affixes (
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13.5. Prepositions & Other Roots as Affixes (
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14. Reduplication (
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15. Writing Letters (
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16. Speed of Speech (
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17. Abbreviations (
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18. Inerjections & Verbal Play (
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Part II: Potentially Troublesome Words (
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Appendix on Participles (
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Participles: The Brief Story (
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Participles: The Full Story (And the Famous “Ata/Ita” Problem) (
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