Ethnic Studies 112 - History of Native Americans in the United States
Class Outlines

Week:     [1]     [2]     [3]     [4]     [5]     [6]     [7]     [8]      [9]     [10]

I. Personal Introduction.

II. Course Mechanics

III. Purpose of the Course.

IV. Parable - Lecture Example


Terms:

Frank Hamilton Cushing

Bureau of American Ethnology (BAE)

Stevenson Expedition (1879)

Zuni Pueblo (New Mexico)

Priest of the Bow Society

I. Interpreting Mythic History.

II. Acoma Pueblo Origin Myth.

III. Myth & the Spanish Conquest.

Terms:

Maidu - Northern CA, Penutian speakers.

Skagit -Pacific Northwest - WA, (Duwamish, Coast Salish speakers).

Arikara - Northern Plains - ND, Caddoan speakers.

Iroquois (Cayuga) - Western NY, Iroquoian

 

Sipapu - Pueblo underground place of beginning

Uchtsiti - (Great) Father

Tsichtinako - spirit

Iatiku - bringing to life

Nautsiti - more in the basket

Hernán Cortés

requerimiento

Cholula

Tlaxcala

Tenochtitlán

Moctezuma

teotl

I. The Southwest Before the Spanish.

A. Mogollon culture

B. Hohokam culture

C. Anasazi culture

Terms:

Mogollon

Hohokam

Anasazi

[I. The Southwest Before the Spanish.]

II. Rumors of Cíbola: Early Explorations of the North.

A. Cabeza de Vaca - wandering explorer

B. Fray Marcos de Niza - exploring rumors

C. Coronado - last conquistador

III. Colonizing New Mexico: the First Province.

[IV. Revolt, Reconquest: the Second Province of New Mexico. ]

[V. Late Colonial Projects. ]

Terms:

Panfilo de Narvaez

Alvar Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca

Fray Marcos de Niza

Vasquez de Coronado

Bigotes (from Pecos pueblo)

Turk (from Plains area)

Hiawikúh (a Zuni Pueblo)

Don Juan Oñate
Juan/Vicente de Zaldívar
encomienda
repartimiento

Popé
Diego de Vargas
Awatovi (a Hopi pueblo)
compartmentalization

San Antonio de Bexar
California mission system

Lecture 2.1: Southwest II & Contact and Colonization in the Canada & the Great Lakes

IV. Revolt, Reconquest: the Second Province of New Mexico. ]

V. Late Colonial Projects.

I. French Settlement in the 17th Century and the First Trade Network

II. Jesuits, Huronia, and the Algonkians: A World Collapse.

Terms:

Don Juan Oñate
Juan/Vicente de Zaldívar
encomienda
repartimiento

Popé
reconquista
Diego de Vargas
Awatovi (a Hopi pueblo)
compartmentalization

San Antonio de Bexar
California mission system

Abnaki
Micmac

Huron
Algonkian Indians
Manitou

Iroquois Covenant of Peace
Deganawidah

Nicolas de La Salle
Treaty of Paris (1763)

Lecture 2.2: Contact and Colonization in the Great Lakes II

I. French Settlement in the 17th Century and the First Trade Network.

II. Jesuits, Huronia, and the Algonkians: A World Collapse.

III. Explorations, the Mississippi and Reconstructing the French-Native Trade Network.

Terms:

Abnaki
Micmac

Huron
Algonkian Indians
Manitou

Iroquois League: Mohawk, Onondaga, Seneca, Oneida, Cayuga Iroquois Covenant of Peace
Deganawidah

Nicolas de La Salle
Treaty of Paris (1763)

Lecture 2.3: Contact and Colonization in the Eastern Woodlands

I. English Contact and Settlement on the Atlantic Coast.

II. Middle Colonies, New England, and Native American Contact.

III. European Rivalries Extended to the New World.

Terms:

sachem

Powhatan

Pamunkey

Massasoit

Pokanoket (Wampanoag Algonkians)

Pequot War (1637)

Metacomet (Philip)

"King Philip's" War (1676)

French and Indian War (Seven Year's War) [1755-1763]

Treaty of Paris (1763)

Proclamation of 1763

Lecture 3.1: Dynamics of Eighteenth Century Culture Change

IV. Tightening English Control in the 1660s.

V. English Settlement and Diplomacy, 18th century.

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I. Midéwiwin of the Ojibwa: Resistance and Native Cosmology.

A. Creating the Anishinabeg (Ojibwa) after Huronia.

[B. The Midéwiwin: New Ceremony for a New People.]

[C. The Great Competition: Midé - v - Christianity.]

[D. "Nativism" and "Pan-Indian" Resistance]

Terms:

French and Indian War (Seven Year's War) [1755-1763]

Treaty of Paris (1763)

Proclamation of 1763

Anishinabe / Ojibwa (Salteur)

Algonquin bands: Noquet, Marameg, Amikcoures, Mississague

Feast of the Dead

Midéwiwin

Midéwigan

Lecture 4.1: United States, Exploration, and the Release of Energy

I. Independent Americans and the Bounty of Republicanism.

A. Capital, Industry, and Yeoman Farmers.

B. American Land Policy: Subsidized Expansionism.

II. The "Release of Energy."

III. Early Formulations of Indian Policy.

Terms:

Land Ordinance (1785)

Northwest Ordinance (1787)

Louisiana Purchase (1803)

Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804-1806)

Charles River Bridge Case (1837)

Preemption Act (1841)

Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1784)

Lecture 4.2: "Civilization" and Removal: Horns of a Dilemma

[I. Cherokee example: Late 18th Century Culture Change]

[A. Building a New Cherokee Nation]

B. Negotiating Race: Elias Boudinot

C. The Fight against Removal

II Removing the Five "Civilized Nations"

A. Choctaw

B. Other removals

Terms:

Five Civilized Tribes
(Cherokee,Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Seminole)

Green Corn Ceremony (Cherokee)

Cherokee National Council

Oo-watie

Major and John Ridge

Elias Boudinot

Sarah Bird Northrop

Treaty of Doak's Stand (1820, 1825)

Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek (1830)

Indian Removal Act (1830)

Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1831)

Worchester v. Georgia (1832)

Treaty of New Echota (1835)

Lecture 5.1: Dynamics of Early 19th Century Culture Change

I. Introduction to Plains Indian Cultures

A. Dynamics of Intercultural Exchange
B. Plains Indian Cultural Evolution

II Pawnee Culture change

A. Pawnee Origins & Early History
B. Pawnee Lifeways
C. Pawnee Evolution & Plains Culture

III. Development of Plains Indian Culture

A. Causes of Social & Cultural Evolution
B. Cheyenne Example
C. Comanche Example

Terms:

Metís

Pawnee - Skidis, South Bands (Grands, Republicans, Tapages). Caddoan language

Sioux - Teton, Oglala, Brulé, Yankton. Siouan language

Cheyenne - Assiniboines / Suhtais

Arapaho

Arikara

Shoshone

Comanche

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Lecture 5.2 & 6.1: The First Wave:
Going West Before the Civil War

I. American Land Policy: Subsidized Expansionism

II. Approaches to Native Americans in the West Before the Civil War

A. Permanent Indian Country
B. Reservation genesis

Terms:

Robert Neighbors

Edward Fitzgerald Beale

Kit Carson

Mescalero Apache

Cochise

Yakima War (1855)

General John E. Wool

Treaty of Fort Laramie (1851)

Laguna Negra (1855)

Lecture 6.2: The Second Wave / The Civil War Watershed and War on Native Americans

I. Post-Civil War Western Expansion

A. Markets for Western Produce
B. Transportation for Western Produce

II. Civil War and War Against Indians

A. Military Solutions: Navajo Example
B. Settler Solutions: California Example
C. War on the Plains & Political Repercussions

Terms:

General Jim Carleton

Col. Kit Carson

Bosque Redondo (1863) [Fort Sumner]

Sand Creek Massacre (1864)

James R. Dolittle

Medicine Lodge Treaties (1867-68)

Grant's Peace Policy"

Lecture 7.2: Education and Allottment:
The Push for Assimilation

I. Outlines of the Grant Peace Policy

II. Wardship and Reformers

A. Redefining Federal-Native American Relationship
B. The Reformer's Impulse

III. Assimilation by Cultural Supression

A. Reforming Social and Ceremonial Life
B. Detribalization by Education
C. Destroying the Reservation

Terms:

Grant's "Peace Policy"

Indian Land Act (1875)

Courts of Indian Offenses

Carlisle Indian School

Dawes Severalty Act (1887)

Lecture 8.1: Native American Voices &
Interpreting The Ghost Dance

I. Finding the Native American Historical Voice

II. Other Kinds of Native Voices

A. Hide Painting and Ledger Drawing
B. Domestic Artistry and Material Culture
C. Vision Art

Terms:

Sitting Bull (Hunkpapa Lakota)

Lieutenant George Armstrong Custer

Battle of Little Big Horn (June 25, 1876)

Luther Standing Bear

Walter S. Campbell (Stanley Vestal)

Lecture 8.2: Interpreting The Ghost Dance &
Surviving the Nineteenth Century.

I. The Ghost Dance: Continuity or Revival?

II. Three Examples of Survival and Change.

A. Cheyenne: Surviving allotment.
B. Navajo: Thriving on the reservation.
C. Río Grande Pueblos: Dodging the allotment bullet.

Terms:

Howling Wolf (So. Cheyenne)

Yellow Nose (No. Cheyenne)

Wovoka (Jack Wilson)

Massacre at Wounded Knee (Dec. 29, 1890)

Peyote

Native American Church

Navajo Treaty (1868)

Executive Order (Navajo: 1882, 1884)

Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo

US v Joseph (1876)

US v Sandoval (1913)

Bursum Bill (1922)

Pueblo Lands Act (1924)

Return to readings

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Lecture 8.3: Native Americans as theTest for US Imperialism.

I. Native Americans as theTest for US Imperialism.

A. The Phillipines and "Informal Empire."
B. Rights, Citizenship, and the "Indian" analogy.
C. Erasing the Indian: Painting Native Americans
After Confinment to the Reservations

Lecture 9.1: Reversing Directions Towards the New Deal.

I. Building the Attack on Assimilation.

A. Recasting the "Indian Problem."
B. Scientific Racialism.
C. The Critique of Racialism and Assimilation.

 

Terms:

Edward Alsworth Ross The Old World in the New (1914)

Madison Grant The Passing of the Great Race (1916)

Franz Boas The Mind of Primitive Man (1911)

Oliver La Farge (Laughing Boy)

Mary Austin (Land of Little Rain)

John Neidhardt (Black Elk Speaks)

Meriam Report (1928)

Indian Reoganization Act [Wheeler Howard Act] (IRA, 1934)

John Collier

Indian Defense Association

Lecture 9.2: Western Development and
the Indian New Deal.

I The Bureaucratic Revolution and the Indian New Deal.

A. The Bureaucratic Revolution.
B. The Depression in the West.
C. The New Deal and Federal Power in the West.
D. The Indian Reorganization Act.

Terms:

Indian Reoganization Act [Wheeler-Howard Act] (1934)

Lecture 10.1: WW II, and
Urbanizing the American Indian.

I The Indian New Deal in Action.

A. The Navajo and the New Deal.
B. Attack on Self-Determination.

II World War II: Remaking the New Deal.

A. World War II Economic Growth.
B. Seeds of Termination.
C. The View in: Indian Participation in WWII.

III Termination and Urbanization.

A. Components of termination.
B. Termination legislation.
C. Urbanization.

Terms:

stock reduction

Carlos Montezuma

Codetalkers

Indian Claims Commission

House Concurrent Resolution 108 (1953)

Public Law 280 (1953)

Relocation Program (1954)

Klamath Reservation

Lecture 10.2: Civil Rights Movement:
Reconfiguring the Nations Within the Nation.

I The Civil Rights Context.

II. Rise of Self Determination.

III Meaning in A.I.M and the Revival of "Red Power."

Terms:

Civil Rights Act (1968)

National Indian Youth Council (NIYC)

American Indian Movement (AIM)

Occupation of Alcatraz (1969)

Return of Blue Lake (1970)

"Trail of Broken Treaties" (1972)

Wounded Knee (1973)

Russell Means, Dennis Banks (prominent AIM leaders)

Vine Deloria, Jr.

Lecture 10.3: Bearing the Past for the
Native American Future.

I. Introduction: Romantic Musings.

II. Emerging Power of Native Americans.

A. Self government
B. Resource Issues.
C. Issue of control of Native American voice and culture.

III. Bearing/Baring the Past

Terms:

Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (1971)

Indian Self-Determination Act (1975)

American Indian Religious Freedom Act (1978)

Archaeological Resources Protection (1980)

US v Sioux Nation of Indians (1980)

Maine Indian Claims Settlement Act (1980)

Indian Gaming Regulatory Act (1988)

Native American Graves Protection & Repatriation Act (1990)

Outlines below this line have not been updated!!