COGR 275:

Theory and Methods ofCBPR

UCSD Dept of Communication | Spring 2024 
Professor:  Brian Goldfarb
Meetings:  Tuesdays: 3 - 5:50 pm | MCC 127
Office Hours: Tues 1:30-2:30; Wed 11 - 12:15
Contact: bgoldfarb [at] ucsd . edu

nurse overseeing bed ridden veterans who are knitting

  
husband holding hand of wife during delivery of their baby Course Overview: This seminar serves an inquiry into the theory and methods of community-based participatory research/action research. The texts covered will span interdisciplinary themes and considerations with the aim of engaging students from a variety of programs in a conversation that will generate a broad and complex understanding of CBPR practices and history. The seminar is intended to serve as a hybrid methods and theory course that will support graduate research at various stages.

Course Requirements:

  • Weekly reading (approx 60-100 pages) and film/video viewing.
  • Introduce and co-facilitate class discussion for one of the readings or weekly topics.
  • A research paper or project based on a topic related to the theme of the course. The professor will offer flexibility in applying the topic of the course to student’s current research needs and goals.
 Required Texts:
  • Linked to the syllabus, on Canvas, or in Course Folder
  • Suggested:
    • Burns, Howard, & Ospina (2021)The SAGE Handbook of Participatory Research and Inquiry
    • Herr & Anderson (2015) The Action Research Dissertation: A Guide for Students and Faculty
Course Schedule:
week: 1  |  2  |  3  |  4  | 5  |  6  |  7  |  8  |  9  |  10

Note:Weekly topics and readings listed here are provisional and may be updated after the course begins--please check this site weekly for updates. Some weeks list a number of readings--required readings will be selected from those listed by the instructor through discussion with participants. Some optional readings will be summarized and discussed by presenters.

WEEK 1 (April 2) : Course overview: CBPR, its roots and History)

Readings:

  • Lewin (1946) “Action Research and Minority Problems”
  • Fals Borda (2001) “Participatory (Action) Research in Social Theory- Origins and Challenges” in Handbook of Action Research
  • Nina Wallerstein & Bonnie Duran (2008) “The Theoretical, Historical, and Practice Roots of CBPR”
  • Hensler, Frenk, & Merçon (2023) “Participatory Action Research” in Handbook Transdisciplinary Learning

Additional Readings:

  • Fals Borda (1987) “The Application of Participatory Action Research in Latin America”
  • Bally (2024) [Efraim Hernández Xolocotzi] The Ethnobotanist Who Challenged Mexico’s Green Revolution https://www.themomentum.com/articles/the-ethnobotanist-who-challenged-mexicos-green-revolution
  • Freire (1970) Pedagogy of the Oppressed
  • Holst (2006) Paulo Freire in Chile 1964-1969 - Pedagogy of the Oppressed in Its Sociopolitical Economic Context
  • Fals-Borda & Anisur Rahman (1991) Action and Knowledge: Breaking the Monopoly With Participatory Action-Research

WEEK 2 (April 9): Theorizing Community

Readings:

  • Cushing (2015) "What counts as a community? Alternative approaches to inclusion and developmental disability"
  • Alcoff (1991) “The Problem of Speaking for Others”
  • Jewkes and Murcott (1996) "Meanings of Community"
  • Lyons (2020) Vital Decomposition: Soil Practioners + Life Politics, "Introduction: Life in the Midst of Poisoning", “Chapter 3 Partial Alliances among Minor Practices: The ‘Elusive’ Nature of Colombia’s Amazonian Plains”or “Ch 5 Resonating Farms and Vital Spaces: A Person and His Concepts”.

Alternative/Additional Reading:

  • Tuhiwai Smith (1999) Intro to Decolonizing Methodologies
  • Bendiner-Viani (2018) “Chapter 4, Three Words: Community, Collaboration, and Public,” in Contested City
  • Hill Collins (2010) “The New Politics of Community”
  • Dempsey (2010) "Critiquing Community Engagement"
  • Jewkes and Murcott (1996) "Meanings of Community"
  • Plant (1978) “Community: concept, conception, ideology”
  • Walsh & High (1999) “Rethinking the Concept of Community”
  • Joseph (2002) Against the Romance of Community
  • Canfield (2022) Translating Food Sovereignty: Cultivating Justice in an Age of Transnational Governance
  • Schiavoni (2017)“The Contested Terrain of Food Sovereignty Construction: Toward a Historical, Relational and Interactive Approach”
  • West (2006). Conservation Is Our Government Now: The Politics of Ecology in Papua New Guinea

WEEK 3 (April 16): Situating CPBR within Qualitative Research and Its Disciplinary Recasting Across the Social Sciences and Health/Medicine.

Readings:

  • Hardy et al. (2020) "Capacity Building Together: Shifting Roles for Research and Implementation in Health Resilience Among American Indians in Arizona"
  • Duignan, Moffat & Martin-Hill (2020) Using Boundary Objects to Co-Create Community Health and Water Knowledge with Community-Based Medical Anthropology and Indigenous Knowledge"
  • Lincoln & Guba (2005) "Paradigmatic Controversies, Contradictions, and Emerging Confluences" in Denzin & Lincoln (Eds.) Handbook of Qualitative Research.
  • Israel, Eng, Schulz, Parker (2005) Methods in Community-Based Participatory Research for Health, "Ch1: Introduction to Methods in Community-Based Participatory Research for Health," and also have a look at "Ch2: Developing and Maintaining Partnerships with Communities"
  • Clarke, Friese, & Washburn (eds.) 2015 Situational Analysis in Practice: Mapping Research with Grounded Theory, Ch 1: Introducing Situational Analysis"
  • Raphael & Matsuoka (eds.), Ground Truths: Community-Engaged Research for Environmental Justice, "Ch 2 : Community Engaged Research"
  • Bowker (2021) "Interdisciplinary Research Methods: Considering the Potential of Community-based Participatory Research in Translation"

Additional Reading:

  • Israel, Eng, Schulz, Parker (2005) Methods in Community-Based Participatory Research for Health
  • Wallerstein & Duran (2011) “Community based participatory research contributions to intervention research: The Intersection of Science and Practice to Improve Health Equity”Torre, Fine, Stoudt, and Fox (2012) “Critical Participatory Action Research as Public Science”
  • Blanchard (2011) "Inequitable Partners in Collaborative Research - Reflections on Community-Based Participatory Research"
  • Lincoln and Denzin (2003) "Introduction: Revolutions, Ruptures, and Rifts in Inquiry," in Yvonna Lincoln and Norma Denzin, eds, Turning Points in Qualitative Research: Tying Knots in a Handkerchief
  • Robles Lomeli & Rappaport (2022) “Imagining Latin American Social Science from the Global South: Orlando Fals Borda and Participatory Action Research”Adele E. Clarke, Situational Analysis: Grounded Theory After the Postmodern Turn
  • Clarke, Carrie Friese, Rachel Washburn (eds.) 2015 Situational Analysis in Practice: Mapping Research with Grounded Theory
  • Morgan, (2000) What is Narrative Therapy?


WEEK 4 (April 23): Interrogating Participation and Power Sharing

Readings:
  • Littman, Bender, Mollica, Erangey,  Lucas, & Marvin (2020) “Making Power Explicit: Using Values and Power mapping to Guide Power‐Diverse Participatory Action Research processes”
  • Django Paris & Winn (2015) Part III (Ch 7, Ch 8 & Ch 9) in Humanizing Research: Decolonizing Qualitative Inquiry with Youth and Communities
  • Savransky, M. (2021) "Problems All the Way Down"
  • ChicagoBeyond (2019) Why Am I Always Being Researched? Guidebook
  • Green & Mercer (2001) “Can Public Health Researchers and Agencies Reconcile the Push From Funding Bodies and the Pull From Communities?”

Alternative/Additional Reading:

  • Muhammad et al (2014) “Reflections On Researcher Identity And Power-Impact Of Positionality On CBPR”
  • Dyche_& Zayas (1995) “The Value of Curiosity and Naiveté for the Cross-Cultural Psychotherapist”

WEEK 5 (April 30): Designing CBPR and Mixed Methods/Creative Approaches

Readings:

  • Kidd (2019) "Extra-activism counter-mapping and data justice"
  • Canete (2021) “PhotoKwento: co-constructing women’s narratives of disaster recovery”
  • Seppälä, Sarantou, & Miettinen (2021)  Arts-based Methods for Decolonising Participatory Research, Chapter 6, "Archipelagos of Designing Through Ko-Ontological Encounters" by Yoko Akama
  • Cross, Kabel and Lysack (2007) "Images of self and spinal cord injury: exploring drawing as a visual method in disability research"

Alternative/Additional Reading:

  • Designing Community Interventions by Center for Community Health and Development
  • Dillard (2020) “Designing Research to Dismantle Oppression: Utilizing Critical Narrative Analysis & Critical Participatory Action Research in Research on Mothering and Work and Beyond”
  • Fathi and Nasimi (2022) “Art practice with migrant women: Three challenges to rediscovering home”
  • Readings from/on Boal’s Theatre of the Oppressed
  • Michael Rich, "Health Literacy via Media Literacy: Video Intervention/Prevention Assessment"
  • David Guantlett, "Using New Creative Visual Research Methods to Understand the Place of Popular Media in People's Lives"
  • David Gauntlett and Peter Holzworth "Creative and visual methods for exploring identities"
  • Marcelo Ramella and Gonzalo Olmos, "Participant Authored Audio Visual Stories: Giving the Camera Away or Giving the Camera a Way?"
  • Marcus Banks, Visual Methods in Social Research
  • Radio Calefata
  • Lauren Weinstein (2015) “The Invisible Casualties of Dementia”

WEEK 6 (May 7): Review and check-in meeting 

WEEK 7 (May 14): Coproduction of Knowledge and Alternative Forms of Assessment 

  • Readings:

    • Wilson(2008) Research is Ceremony
    • Gegeo and Gegeo-Watson (2001) “How We Know: Kwara’ae Rural Villagers Doing Indigenous Epistemology”
    • Swedlow (2012) “Cultural coproduction of four states of knowledge”
    • Ludwig & Booga "Making Transdisciplinarity Work: An epistemology of inclusive development and innovation,” in Ludwig, Boogaard, Macnaghten, & Leeuwis (eds.) The Politics of Knowledge in Inclusive Development and Innovation

    Alternative/Additional Reading:

    • Polk (2015) “Transdisciplinary co-production: Designing and testing a transdisciplinary research framework for societal problem solving”
    • Loeffler & Bovaird (2021) The Palgrave Handbook of Co-Production of Public Services and Outcomes, selections:
      • Elke Loeffler and Tony Bovaird (2021) “User and Community Co-production of Public Services and Outcomes: A Map of the Current State of Play”
      • Glenn Robert, Sara Donetto, and Oli Williams, “Co-designing Healthcare Services with Patients”
      • Benjamin Y. Clark, “Co-assessment Through Digital Technologies”
      • Dave Mckenna “Co-assessment Through Citizens and Service Users in Audit, Inspection and Scrutiny”
      • Anna Scolobig and Louise Gallagher “Understanding, Analysing and Addressing Conflicts in Co-production”
    • Minkler &  Wallerstein (2002) Community-Based Participatory Research For Health: From Process to Outcomes, selections:
      • Wang & Pies “Ch 11: Using Photovoice For Participatory Assessment And Issue Selection: Lessons From A Family, Maternal, And Child Health Department”
      • Springett & Wallerstein, “Ch 12: Issues in Participatory Evaluation”
    • Readings on Public Guarantee Systems

WEEK 8(May 21): Ethics–Dealing with Difference, Disjunction/Dissonance, and Conflict (Cultural Competence vs Vulnerability)

Readings:

  • Nadera Shalhoub-Kevorkian (2019) Incarcerated Childhood and the Politics of Unchilding. Read the preface, acknowledgements, and first chapter and then pick 1 or 2 stories of your choice to bring to the discussion.
  • Yasmin Gunaratnam (2011) “Cultural vulnerability: A narrative approach to intercultural care”

Alternative/Additional Reading:

  • Dwight Conquergood, "Performing as a Moral Act: Ethical Dimensions of the Ethnography of Performance," (Turning Points)
  • Center for Social Justice and Community Action (2022) Community-Based-Participatory-Research-A-Guide-to-Ethical-Principles
  • Wickenden and Lopez Franco (2022) “Disability Inclusive PAR”
  • Varcoe (2006) “Doing PAR in a Racist World”
  • Dwight Conquergood, "Rethinking Ethnography: Towards a Critical Cultural Politics,"(Turning Points)
  • Yvonna Lincoln and Egon Guba, "Ethics: The Failure of Positivist Science" (Turing Points)

WEEK9 (May 28): Sharing Outcomes and Knowledge Mobilization: publishing and leveraging coproduced knowledge for policy change

Readings:

  • McDavitt et al (2016) Dissemination as Dialogue (CDC)
  • Kasden (2022) “Research, Organizing and Policy Change/ Methods and Lessons on the Path from Participatory Action Research to a Right to Counsel in New York City”
  • Fine, Ayala & Zaal (2012) “Public science and participatory policy development: reclaiming policy as a democratic project.” Journal of Education Policy,
  • Chen et al (2010) “Dissemination of Results in Community-Based Participatory Research”
  • Vaughn et al 2012 "Digital Animation as a Method to Disseminate Research Findings”
  • Suarez‐Balcazar et al 2022 "Promoting justice through community‐based research"
  • Sekar-et-al 2024 “Disseminating-community-engaged-research-involving-people-experiencing-homelessness-and-diabetes-using”

Alternative/Additional Reading:

  • Sullivan-et-al-2008-theatre-of-the-oppressed-and-environmental-justice-communities-a-transformational-therapy"
  • Mosavel et al, "Data Dissemination in CBPR: Accountability and Responsiveness

WEEK 10 (June 4): Ethics [Cont.]–Challenges in CBPR, Human Subjects and Community Oversight

Reading:

  • Maiter, Simich, Jacobson, & Wise (2008) “Reciprocity: An ethic for community-based participatory action research”
  • Lake & Wendland (2019) “Practical Epistomological and Ethical Challenges of PAR”
  • Margaret Mead (1969) “Research with Human Beings: A Model Derived from Anthropological Field Practice”
  • Flickjer et al (2007) “Ethical Dilemmas in Community-Based Participatory Research- Recommendations for Institutional Review Boards”
  • Van den Breemer et al (2024) "Vulnerability in Inclusive Research: Exploring Co- and Professional Researchers’ Experiences in a Community- Based Participatory Project on the Disability Family"

Alternative/Additional Reading:

Alternative for Week 10: [Digital] Platforms for Collaboration and Sharing (Citizen and Participatory Science, etc.)

Reading:

  • Daeep, et al., (2022) "The Moving Mapper: Participatory Action Research with Big Data”
  • Ramesh Srinivasan, "Ethnomethodological Architectures: Information Systems Driven by Cultural and Community Visions"

Alternative/Additional Reading:

Final Paper Due: Tuesday, June 11th